Chi̍t-ê bô-liâu tho̍k-chiá ê chhù-bī
“Si legge veramente un autore solo quando lo si traduce, o [quando] si confronta il testo con una traduzione.*” （Lán chí-ū chāi hoan-e̍k, ia̍h-sī tī leh pí-tùi goân-bûn kah e̍k-pún ê sî chiah sǹg sī chin-chiaⁿ leh tha̍k chi̍t-ê chok-chiá.）
í-siōng sī I-ta-lì chok-ka Italo Calvino tī 1963 nî siá hō͘ chi̍t-ê Hoat-kok pian-chip ê phoe-sìn lāi bīn só͘ kóng ê ōe.
Góa iū koh chin kú bô siá sin lōe-iông--a. Chòe-kīn leh bô-êng chi̍t kiāⁿ tāi-chì: góa leh chò hoan-e̍k-chiá kah chhut-pán-siā pian-chip khó-lêng chin thó-ià ê hit khoán tho̍k-chiá, góa leh tha̍k chi̍t pún I-ta-lì bûn ê chheh, tha̍k goân-bûn ê kāng chi̍t ê sî-kan koh pí-tùi Eng-bûn e̍k-pún kah saⁿ chóng Hôa-bûn ê e̍k-pún. Chit kiāⁿ tāi-chì si̍t-chāi chin chhù-bī. In-ūi siuⁿ hó sńg, só͘-í i chha-put-to mā piàn-chò góa ta̍k-kang ài chò ê tai-chì chi it. Ta̍k kang chē chhia ê sî nā bô leh tha̍k kî-thaⁿ ê chheh, góa tō ē thê chhut pit-kì-phō͘-á tha̍k hia ê góa chìn-chêng i-keng siá khí lâi ê pō͘-hun kah chhâ hó ê sin-jī, iah bô tō sī thê chu-liāu khá-phìⁿ lâi tha̍k. Pài la̍k kah lé-pài ê sî, nā chái-sî ūn-tōng hó, sé-kòe seng-khu liáu-āu mā ē khòaⁿ chi̍t--ê, nā bô chhut mn̂g góa ē-tàng kui-kang lóng chò chi̍t-kiāⁿ tāi-chì.
Chit-kiāⁿ tāi-chí hó-sńg ê goân-in sī ū chi̍t-pái góa ūi tio̍h beh chhōe chu-liāu khì chōe tio̍h chi̍t phiⁿ gōa-kok lâng ê lūn-bûn, chok-chiá siá kóng ū chi̍t-ê Eng-gí sè-kài choan-bûn hoan-e̍k chit ê i-ta-lì bêng-chok-ka ê hoan-e̍k-chiá, chāi i hoan-e̍k ê chok-phín tiong ū chhut-hiān chi̍t-koah hō͘ lâng siūⁿ bô ê gō͘-tho̍k, gō͘-kái, gō͘-e̍k kah ka-làu（誤讀、誤解、誤譯、漏譯）, i beh chioh chhú lâi mn̄g kóng, nā ū chia-ê hoan-e̍k siōng ê chhò-gō͘, an-ne khò Eng-bûn hoan-e̍k kám chin-chiaⁿ ē-tàng tha̍k bat chit-ê i-ta-lì bêng-chok-ka？ I ê lūn-bûn ín-khí góa ê hó͘ⁿ-kî sim, só͘-í góa khì chhōe hit pún chheh ê Tâi-oan hôa-gí pán lâi khòaⁿ, in-ūi Tâi-oân chit-ê pán-pún sī i-chiàu Eng-bûn pán hoan-e̍k--ê, (sǹg sī jī-chhiú hoan-e̍k) só͘-í Eng-bûn pán nā ū m̄-tio̍h, chit-pán mā tòe leh m̄-tio̍h. Góa siūⁿ tio̍h chit pún chheh mā ū Tiong-kok chi̍t-ê tāi-ha̍k ê i-ta-lì-bûn-hē kàu-siū tit-chiap í i-ta-lì goân-bûn hoan-e̍k--ê pán-pùn, góa mā khì bé lâi khoaⁿ, siūⁿ-kóng chì-chió eng-kai kah chèng-khak pa？ Kiat-kó i mā sī ē chhut chit-koah kî-koài ê hoan-e̍k, ū-sî-chūn keng-jiân kah Eng-bûn chhò gō͘ sio-kāng…tiō an-ne, put-sî ê in-ūi hoat-hiān chi̍t-koah hoan-e̍k ê būn-tê kah chiok hàm ê kái siá (改寫), hō͘ góa chiok lo̍k-thiòng leh pí tùi khòaⁿ siáⁿ siōng chiap-kīn goân chok.
In-ūi an-ne, sui-jiân góa iau-bē-ēng--ê kóng tùi chit-ê chok-ka ū ke siáⁿ liáu-kái, m̄-ko hoán-tó sī tùi hoan-e̍k-chiá（ia̍h sī pian-chip）ê khang-khòe ū ke chi̍t-koah hòⁿ-kî ê siūⁿ-hoat： pí-lūn-kóng, ū miâ ê tōa hoan-e̍k-chiá sī ē chhin-sin hoan-e̍k ia̍h sī chhiáⁿ chō͘-chhiú lâi chò？ In kám ē ū-sî-chūn siūⁿ kòe chū-sìn？Kám bat ū sî í-ûi ka-kī ū koân-lī khì kái-siá lâng ê chok-phín？in hoan-e̍k hó kám ē ū sî-kan kiám-cha？Ia̍h sī kóng oân-sêng tiō kái-thoat, chhun-ê lóng ho͘ pian-chip khì chhú-lí tiō hó, in-ūi ū sî mā bô chāi-tiāu koán ne？ Kóng tō chē siūⁿ khí góa í-chêng bat hoan-e̍k kòe chi̍t-pún chheh tiō tú tō chi̍t khoán chêng-hêng. Góa kau hō͘ pian-chip ê kó sī chèng-khak--ê, kiat-kó pian-chip jīn-ûi goa m̄-tio̍h, i pēng bô kā góa kóng tiō ka-kī kái tiāu, ìn chhut-lâi--ê tong jiân tō sī m̄-tio̍h--ê, būn-tê sī pian-chip kun-pún m̄-bat goa hoan-e̍k ê goân bûn, in-ūi hit-ê jī seⁿ-liáu ū sêng Eng-bûn i soa kā tong chò Eng-bûn lâi kái, tio̍ kā goân pún chèng-khak--ê kái chò bô chèng-khak--ê. Ai! Koh lâi tiō sī mn̄g, in khòaⁿ tio̍h chhò-ngō͘ ê sî sī siáⁿ khoán ê sim-chêng? Kám ē hiō-hóe bô sè-jī--a khòaⁿ? Ia̍h sī kóng kā pàng-hō͘-bē-kì khah kūi-khì? Hoâiⁿ-tit chin chē tāi-chì mā m̄ sī lán ē tàng chiáng-ap--ê.
In-ūi chit-khoán piàn-thài ê tha̍k-hoat, chi̍t pún sè-sè pún ê chheh í-keng khai nn̄g koh-gōa-goe̍h iau ka-nā chí tha̍k 4 hun chi 1 niā-niā, hoán-tó sī chu-liāu khá-phìⁿ chò kah pah-gōa tiuⁿ, tiông-sin koh jīn-bat chin-chē í-ûi í-keng bat--ê ji, mā it-tit leh siūⁿ: Tàu-té, chi̍t ê hoan-e̍k-chiá sī ài chīn-le̍k ûi-chhî chok-chiá ê hong-keh, ia̍h sī kā kò͘-sū hoan-e̍k chhut--lâi tiōh hó? Chok-ka keng-êng chhut lâi ê bûn-chiuⁿ kiat-kò͘ ài kā khó-lū bô? Ia̍h sī kóng ūi tio̍h phiah-bián tha̍k khí--lâi ū "hoan-e̍k-khùi", só͘-í kā lâng ê bûn kù kiat-kò͘ tōa kái te̍k kái, soa hō͘ i khòaⁿ-khí lâi hām goân-bûn bô siáⁿ koan-hē neh?
Í-chêng góa iau chí sī tho̍k-chiá ê sî, kiàn--nā tha̍k tio̍h bái ê hoan-e̍k lóng ê mē, kám-kak hoan-e̍k chiá chin àu-kó͘; āu-lâi góa ū ki-hōe kah lêng-le̍k chiap tio̍h chi̍t-koah kiāⁿ, ka-kī mā chhin-sin tú kòe chi̍t-koah būn-tê, chiah liáu-kái hoan-e̍k sī gŏa-ni siong náu-kin ê khang-khoeh, khai-sí thé-hōe tio̍h hoan-e̍k-chiá ê kan-khó͘, liáu-āu khòaⁿ tio̍h "ngō͘-e̍k" mā ē chhiò-chhiò--a chò kì-hō...Kā sin-khó͘ ê e̍k-chiá chi̍t-koah chiok-hok. Chē eng-kai mā sǹg sī sêng-tióng pa. M̄-ku, sui-jiân an-ne kóng, góa iau sī ē chhiūⁿ Calvino só͘ kóng ê, kè-sio̍k khì "hoan-e̍k, pí-tùi goân-bûn kah e̍k-pún", in-ūi he chin chiaⁿ sī chiok chhù-bī--ê!
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Góa iū koh chin kú bô siá sin lōe-iông--a. Chòe-kīn leh bô-êng chi̍t kiāⁿ tāi-chì: góa leh chò hoan-e̍k-chiá kah chhut-pán-siā pian-chip khó-lêng chin thó-ià ê hit khoán tho̍k-chiá, góa leh tha̍k chi̍t pún I-ta-lì bûn ê chheh, tha̍k goân-bûn ê kāng chi̍t ê sî-kan koh pí-tùi Eng-bûn e̍k-pún kah saⁿ chóng Hôa-bûn ê e̍k-pún. Chit kiāⁿ tāi-chì si̍t-chāi chin chhù-bī. In-ūi siuⁿ hó sńg, só͘-í i chha-put-to mā piàn-chò góa ta̍k-kang ài chò ê tai-chì chi it. Ta̍k kang chē chhia ê sî nā bô leh tha̍k kî-thaⁿ ê chheh, góa tō ē thê chhut pit-kì-phō͘-á tha̍k hia ê góa chìn-chêng i-keng siá khí lâi ê pō͘-hun kah chhâ hó ê sin-jī, iah bô tō sī thê chu-liāu khá-phìⁿ lâi tha̍k. Pài la̍k kah lé-pài ê sî, nā chái-sî ūn-tōng hó, sé-kòe seng-khu liáu-āu mā ē khòaⁿ chi̍t--ê, nā bô chhut mn̂g góa ē-tàng kui-kang lóng chò chi̍t-kiāⁿ tāi-chì.
Chit-kiāⁿ tāi-chí hó-sńg ê goân-in sī ū chi̍t-pái góa ūi tio̍h beh chhōe chu-liāu khì chōe tio̍h chi̍t phiⁿ gōa-kok lâng ê lūn-bûn, chok-chiá siá kóng ū chi̍t-ê Eng-gí sè-kài choan-bûn hoan-e̍k chit ê i-ta-lì bêng-chok-ka ê hoan-e̍k-chiá, chāi i hoan-e̍k ê chok-phín tiong ū chhut-hiān chi̍t-koah hō͘ lâng siūⁿ bô ê gō͘-tho̍k, gō͘-kái, gō͘-e̍k kah ka-làu（誤讀、誤解、誤譯、漏譯）, i beh chioh chhú lâi mn̄g kóng, nā ū chia-ê hoan-e̍k siōng ê chhò-gō͘, an-ne khò Eng-bûn hoan-e̍k kám chin-chiaⁿ ē-tàng tha̍k bat chit-ê i-ta-lì bêng-chok-ka？ I ê lūn-bûn ín-khí góa ê hó͘ⁿ-kî sim, só͘-í góa khì chhōe hit pún chheh ê Tâi-oan hôa-gí pán lâi khòaⁿ, in-ūi Tâi-oân chit-ê pán-pún sī i-chiàu Eng-bûn pán hoan-e̍k--ê, (sǹg sī jī-chhiú hoan-e̍k) só͘-í Eng-bûn pán nā ū m̄-tio̍h, chit-pán mā tòe leh m̄-tio̍h. Góa siūⁿ tio̍h chit pún chheh mā ū Tiong-kok chi̍t-ê tāi-ha̍k ê i-ta-lì-bûn-hē kàu-siū tit-chiap í i-ta-lì goân-bûn hoan-e̍k--ê pán-pùn, góa mā khì bé lâi khoaⁿ, siūⁿ-kóng chì-chió eng-kai kah chèng-khak pa？ Kiat-kó i mā sī ē chhut chit-koah kî-koài ê hoan-e̍k, ū-sî-chūn keng-jiân kah Eng-bûn chhò gō͘ sio-kāng…tiō an-ne, put-sî ê in-ūi hoat-hiān chi̍t-koah hoan-e̍k ê būn-tê kah chiok hàm ê kái siá (改寫), hō͘ góa chiok lo̍k-thiòng leh pí tùi khòaⁿ siáⁿ siōng chiap-kīn goân chok.
In-ūi an-ne, sui-jiân góa iau-bē-ēng--ê kóng tùi chit-ê chok-ka ū ke siáⁿ liáu-kái, m̄-ko hoán-tó sī tùi hoan-e̍k-chiá（ia̍h sī pian-chip）ê khang-khòe ū ke chi̍t-koah hòⁿ-kî ê siūⁿ-hoat： pí-lūn-kóng, ū miâ ê tōa hoan-e̍k-chiá sī ē chhin-sin hoan-e̍k ia̍h sī chhiáⁿ chō͘-chhiú lâi chò？ In kám ē ū-sî-chūn siūⁿ kòe chū-sìn？Kám bat ū sî í-ûi ka-kī ū koân-lī khì kái-siá lâng ê chok-phín？in hoan-e̍k hó kám ē ū sî-kan kiám-cha？Ia̍h sī kóng oân-sêng tiō kái-thoat, chhun-ê lóng ho͘ pian-chip khì chhú-lí tiō hó, in-ūi ū sî mā bô chāi-tiāu koán ne？ Kóng tō chē siūⁿ khí góa í-chêng bat hoan-e̍k kòe chi̍t-pún chheh tiō tú tō chi̍t khoán chêng-hêng. Góa kau hō͘ pian-chip ê kó sī chèng-khak--ê, kiat-kó pian-chip jīn-ûi goa m̄-tio̍h, i pēng bô kā góa kóng tiō ka-kī kái tiāu, ìn chhut-lâi--ê tong jiân tō sī m̄-tio̍h--ê, būn-tê sī pian-chip kun-pún m̄-bat goa hoan-e̍k ê goân bûn, in-ūi hit-ê jī seⁿ-liáu ū sêng Eng-bûn i soa kā tong chò Eng-bûn lâi kái, tio̍ kā goân pún chèng-khak--ê kái chò bô chèng-khak--ê. Ai! Koh lâi tiō sī mn̄g, in khòaⁿ tio̍h chhò-ngō͘ ê sî sī siáⁿ khoán ê sim-chêng? Kám ē hiō-hóe bô sè-jī--a khòaⁿ? Ia̍h sī kóng kā pàng-hō͘-bē-kì khah kūi-khì? Hoâiⁿ-tit chin chē tāi-chì mā m̄ sī lán ē tàng chiáng-ap--ê.
In-ūi chit-khoán piàn-thài ê tha̍k-hoat, chi̍t pún sè-sè pún ê chheh í-keng khai nn̄g koh-gōa-goe̍h iau ka-nā chí tha̍k 4 hun chi 1 niā-niā, hoán-tó sī chu-liāu khá-phìⁿ chò kah pah-gōa tiuⁿ, tiông-sin koh jīn-bat chin-chē í-ûi í-keng bat--ê ji, mā it-tit leh siūⁿ: Tàu-té, chi̍t ê hoan-e̍k-chiá sī ài chīn-le̍k ûi-chhî chok-chiá ê hong-keh, ia̍h sī kā kò͘-sū hoan-e̍k chhut--lâi tiōh hó? Chok-ka keng-êng chhut lâi ê bûn-chiuⁿ kiat-kò͘ ài kā khó-lū bô? Ia̍h sī kóng ūi tio̍h phiah-bián tha̍k khí--lâi ū "hoan-e̍k-khùi", só͘-í kā lâng ê bûn kù kiat-kò͘ tōa kái te̍k kái, soa hō͘ i khòaⁿ-khí lâi hām goân-bûn bô siáⁿ koan-hē neh?
Í-chêng góa iau chí sī tho̍k-chiá ê sî, kiàn--nā tha̍k tio̍h bái ê hoan-e̍k lóng ê mē, kám-kak hoan-e̍k chiá chin àu-kó͘; āu-lâi góa ū ki-hōe kah lêng-le̍k chiap tio̍h chi̍t-koah kiāⁿ, ka-kī mā chhin-sin tú kòe chi̍t-koah būn-tê, chiah liáu-kái hoan-e̍k sī gŏa-ni siong náu-kin ê khang-khoeh, khai-sí thé-hōe tio̍h hoan-e̍k-chiá ê kan-khó͘, liáu-āu khòaⁿ tio̍h "ngō͘-e̍k" mā ē chhiò-chhiò--a chò kì-hō...Kā sin-khó͘ ê e̍k-chiá chi̍t-koah chiok-hok. Chē eng-kai mā sǹg sī sêng-tióng pa. M̄-ku, sui-jiân an-ne kóng, góa iau sī ē chhiūⁿ Calvino só͘ kóng ê, kè-sio̍k khì "hoan-e̍k, pí-tùi goân-bûn kah e̍k-pún", in-ūi he chin chiaⁿ sī chiok chhù-bī--ê!
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